Alloy



Patented Apr. 21, 1942 ALLOY Jacob Trantin, Jr., Youngstown, Ohio NoDrawing. Application December Serial No. 423,819

3 Claims.

This invention relates to ferrous alloys, and, more particularly, isconcerned with ferrous alloys in the steel range which may readily becast possessing properties of wear-resistance ,and scale pick-up andfreedom fromheat checks and the formation of surface fissures.

Heretofore piercing plugs for piercing shell blanks, and the like, havebeen made from semi- 'high speed tool steel, with the semi-high speedsteel being machined from a billet or forging. As a result, such plugswere expensive to manufacture due to the manufacturing and machiningoperations, and the waste of material involved, but, moreover, theresulting piercing plugs in operation often developed heat checks orfissures on the surfaces of the plugs. During the piercin operation thehot metal being pierced would tend to lodge in the heat checks orfissures, and such lodged metal would often objectionably mar theinterior surface of the shell blanks. Of course, various efforts havebeen made to improve the wear-resistance and operating life of thepiercing plug, and to reduce the heat checking and surface fissuring ofthe plug. Such experiments, so far as I am aware, have not resulted in asolution about 1.00 to 5.00'per cent chromium, 3.00 to about 10.00 percent molybdenum, about 1.00 to about 10.00 per cent cobalt, about 1.00to about 10.00 per cent copper, about .510 to about 2.50 per centsilicon, about .40 to about 1.00 per cent manganese, and the remaindersubstantially all iron. One typical heat of the alloy of my inventionwhich possesses the improved characteristics of long wear, toughness,freedom from heat checkcomprises the following composition: carbon about.30 per cent,,chromium about 3.50 per cent, cobalt about 3.00 per cent,molybdenum about of the difliculty, due to factors of expense, breakage,and the like, and the semi-high speed tool steel plug is still generallyemployed for shell blank piercing.

In piercing plugs of chrome-nickel alloy used in forming seamless tubingfrom a billet, the chief difficulty has been lack of wear-resistance andthe resulting relatively high cost of replacement.

. It is the general object of my invention to avoid and overcome theforegoing and other difliculties 5.00 per cent, copper about 1.50 percent, silicon about 1.00 per cent, manganese about .50 per cent, and theremainder substantially all iron except for traces of other materialspresent as impurities and in unobjectionable amounts.

I may add about .30 to about 1.00 per cent vanadium to the alloy whichserves as a scavenger and toughener. The usual percentages of $111- phurand phosphorous present in open hearth or Bessemer commercial steels arenot objectionable nor are traces of other alloying agents or impurities.

, The cobalt and copper present in my alloy are believed to bear arelation to each other whereby when the cobalt content is increased thecopper content can also be increased. In other words, more copper can becarried in the alloy when the cobalt content is increased.

From the foregoing it will be recognized that the objects of myinvention have been achieved and that I have provided a castable ferrousalloy in the steel range adapted to act as a guiding. forming or shapingmember for hot metal or other materials or articles, and, particularlyadapted to function as a piercing plug for seamless tubing, shellblanks,and in other piercing operations, and characterized by freedom fromwhich itis used, and which is adapted to be employed in conjunction withthe shaping. forming, or handling of hot metal in particular, and, morebroadly, other articles or materials, and characterized bywear-resistance, toughness, and

long life.

heat checking or surface fissuring, toughness, wear-resistance, longlife, and without undesirable deposition of scale or hot metal thereon.

Although in accordance with the patent statutes, I have particularlydescribed my invention, it will be understood that I am not to belimited thereto or thereby but that the scope of my invention is definedin the appended claims.

7 I claim 1. A ferrous alloy having an analysis including between about.20 to about 1.00 per cent carbon, about 1.00 to 5.00 per cent chromium,about 1.00 to about 10.00 per cent copper, about 1.00 to about 10,00percent cobalt, 3.00 to about 10.00

cent silicon, about .40 to about 1.00 per cent manganese, and theremainder substantially all iron, said alloy being capable of beingcast, and being characterized by freedom from heat checking and surfacefissuring, toughness, wear-resistance, and freedom from hot metal scalepick up.

2. A ferrous alloy comprising about .30 per cent carbon, about 3.50 percent chromium, about 3.00 10 per cent cobalt, about 5.00 per centmolybdenum,

. about 1.50 percent copper, about 1.00 per cent silicon, about .50 percent manganese, and the remainder substantially all iron, said alloybeing characterized by freedom from heat checking and 15 2,280,179 percent molybdenum, about .40 to about 2.50 per surface fissuring,toughness, wear-resistance, and freedom from hot-metal deposit thereon.

3. A piercing plug for piercing seamless tubing, shell blanks, and thelike, and having an analysis including between .20 and 1.00 per centcarbon, 1.00 to 5.00 per cent chromium, 3.00 to 10.00 per centmolybdenum, 1.00 to 10.00 per cent cobalt, 1.00 to 10.00 per centcopper, .40 to 2.50 per cent silic0n,'.40 to 1.00 per cent manganese,and the remainder substantially all iron, said plug being characterizedby freedom from heat checking and surface fissuring, toughness,wearresistance, and freedom from deposition of hot metal thereon. 1

J. TRANTIN, JR.

